...at all. It is inherent because it flows from natural
law, and article 51 simply refers to it. Modern
lawyers are not accustomed to answering uncomfortable questions about where natural or inherent rights come from. They can’t come from the positive
law, otherwise they wouldn’t be inherent. The whole point of being inherent is that even if the positive
law denied them, they would still exist. That’s what inherent means. In other words, there’s an area of the
law that endures after the positive
law runs out. You might find...