Search: Symposium on the Functional Approach to the Law of Occupation

and what lawyers think it requires from technology. While some lawyers consider encryption to be necessary, tool developers issue caution as the data will be ‘in the wild’ at some point, meaning that there can be irrecoverable data loss with the use of certain high-security features such as end-to-end encryption. [e]yeWitness navigated this issue through the inclusion of lawyers as end users of the tool throughout development. This resulted in an encryption process that reflected the analog system sufficiently. Including lawyers as end users of the data throughout the development...

notion and analysis of threats to international peace and security, and the book addresses the issues through a number of valuable interdisciplinary chapters. Extrapolating the main jus in bello protections for the environment in armed conflict, Tara Smith (Chapter 20) sets out the multi-faceted approach of the laws of armed conflict. As history evidences, while many philosophers, religious orders and states called for the environment to be shielded from the ravages of war, environmental damage and conflict seem to have always gone hand in hand. Smith maps well the main...

violations of Andean rules. This circumspect and formalist approach has enabled the ATJ to retain its fidelity to Andean law while building relationships with national administrative agencies, courts, and lawyers. But this approach also means that, unlike in Europe, Community law is not an engine of regional integration. Transplanting International Courts updates and consolidates our decade-long study of the ATJ and the Andean legal system, allowing us to focus on the recent period of political turmoil in the Andes, as leftist-populist leaders in Venezuela, Bolivia, and Ecuador entrenched their power...

Panel 2 of the NYU JILP Vol. 44:2 Online Symposium   Bojana Asanovic is a barrister at Lamb Building, Chambers of Ami Feder in London. She specialises in immigration, asylum and human rights law.   This note examines the way in which asylum claims based on sexual identity are determined as a flagrant breach of Article 8 ECHR after HJ and HT, UKSC (2010). I will take the case of DBN v the United Kingdom, (26550/10) ECHR 192 (2011) as its starting point, and follow with a brief look at...

...Norms approach. It’s a much more accretive, take-what-you-can-actually-get approach. The result would be something lumpier than the Norms approach, with differential standards sector-by-sector. Ruggie’s approach also deploys social norms and expectations by way of advancing corporate accountability to human rights values, implicitly questioning whether international law is a necessary tool here. Ruggie’s work as SR continues through this year, with various fact-finding activities and expert workshops as described on his public page. This could be an important undertaking, albeit one mostly under the radar screen of policymakers and the media....

...play. These are all sharply distinguished in the various legal traditions, and it is unsurprising that lawyers trained in one or the other have difficulty accepting and putting into practice that with which they are not familiar. These ingrained approaches, continental and common and all the various substrata of them, are baggage brought with lawyers from domestic jurisdictions, and that this has carried on happening despite the ICC now being operative for a generation, may be partly ascribed to the policy of unpaid internships and related matters pertaining to a...

and that it means something that these are used or not? Of course, the whole international criminal law project is built on this moral outrage and its direct impact on the creative development of the law, through the activism of judges. Maybe this was necessary in the beginning, because, let’s face it, there would not be an international criminal law to talk about without it. Indeed, there is no doubt that international judges, more than any other “community” of international criminal justice, have taken a central role in the development...

...this approach for an excessive emphasis on preventing particular terrorist events – what I have called “event specific catastrophism’. These approaches preclude a larger strategic analysis or response. But it is important also to understand what underlies this analytic approach – after all, it takes its cue, not so much from a view on the nature of terrorism, but instead from a view of the nature of the polity that seeks to protect itself from it. That polity – this, I believe, underlies Sunstein’s view – has no consensus and...

[ Megan Karlshøj-Pedersen is a Policy Specialist at Airwars, working across the U.K., U.S., the Netherlands and other European countries. Jessica Dorsey is an Assistant Professor of International and European Law at Utrecht University and the Managing Editor of Opinio Juris. Both authors are part of the civil society and academic consortium advising the Dutch Ministry of Defence described in this two-part post. Part II can be found here.] Over the last four years, a consortium of academic experts and civil society organisations has been engaging with the Dutch Ministry...

[Kate Mackintosh is the inaugural Executive Director of the Promise Institute for Human Rights at the UCLA School of Law. This is part of a series of blog posts examining International Criminal Law and the Protection of the Environment, and stems from an expert meeting group convened at the Promise Institute for Human Rights at UCLA School of Law in February 2020.] The appeal of using international criminal law to protect the environment is intuitive: the destruction of our environment poses the greatest contemporary threat to the values that body of...

what the ICC leadership aspires for – that it has for instance a policy of “zero tolerance for bullying and harassment”. If a lawyer at the Court asks about reporting sexual harassment by a colleague, but her senior colleague warns her against it because the offender is so well-liked, this is precisely a culture of acceptance or licence. In any event, there are also strong arguments that the ‘zero-tolerance’ or old-school approach can be overly legalistic with little room for compassion, versus a more progressive new-school approach which involves “more...

against harassment at work”. The Commission cited specific pre-existing equality and workers’ rights legislation, including Recast Directive 2006/54/EC, as already containing such protections (see footnotes 20 and 21 of the Explanatory Memorandum). Reflective of this approach, Recital 21 of the Directive states that its provisions “should be without prejudice to the protection granted workers when reporting breaches of Union employment law” and in particular to Article 11 of Council Directive 89/391/EEC, which “already requires Member States to ensure that workers or workers’ representatives are not placed at a disadvantage because...