...territories of States not parties to the
ICC’s Rome Statute be wholly excluded from the
ICC’s jurisdiction on aggression. In 2017, France and the UK crafted an “opt-in” clause, which allowed States to elect to submit to the
ICC’s jurisdiction over the crime of aggression by ratifying the Kampala amendments, whereas before that, the
ICC’s jurisdiction automatically applied. Because Russia is not a party to the Rome Statute, absent a referral from the UN Security Council (which is not an option for Ukraine due to Russia’s veto power), the
ICC...