Search: extraterritorial sanctions

...State take specific measures to implement the decision. Children concerned by the complaint In the Czech Republic, the age of criminal responsibility is 15 years of age, which is slightly higher than average for countries in Europe. Yet, even though children below the age of criminal responsibility cannot be held criminally liable, they often are partially subjected to pretrial criminal proceedings resulting in concrete sanctions imposed by the juvenile court. These sanctions may even include deprivation of liberty in an “educational correction centre”, “children’s homes with schools” or “psychiatric hospitals”....

...of a regime of classified information that is at once far too sweeping but, for precisely that reason, largely incapable of having the teeth necessary to keep secrets. It is a classification regime that serves as nip for the cat, and a marker of access rather than a lockbox for necessary secrets. A better system – not likely in our lifetimes, presumably – would be far less ability to classify things, including a classification system clearly tied to a range of sanctions from loss of job to prison. But the...

...analogy holds at the level of effect: the veto can empty legal norms of enforceable content without ever declaring an exception. At the international level, this suggests that the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) veto power functions as a modern, institutionalized iustitium. Under the UN Charter, the Security Council is vested with primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security. Article 27(3), however, grants the five permanent members (P5) an absolute veto, allowing any single P5 state to block enforcement actions, sanctions, or military interventions under Chapter VII....

...Venezuela and Iran, to seize enemy and neutral oil tankers and institute forfeiture proceedings against them on the basis of unilateral US sanctions. The blockade issue is complicated by, first, questions over whether some of these vessels qualified as stateless, and second, that the US claims to have imposed a ‘global blockade’, rather than a geographically defined one, as required by international law (San Remo Manual, Article 94). By bringing the issue under the remit of civil forfeiture, rather than the traditional law of prize, the US makes its own...

...4 June 2024, the US House of Representatives passed a bill to sanction ICC officials –‘the Illegitimate Court Counteraction Act‘– by a vote of 247 (including 42 Democrats) to 155. The sanctions would restrict entry into the US, revoke visas, and impose financial restrictions on anyone at the ICC involved in trying to investigate, arrest, detain or prosecute “protected persons,” or allies of the United States. It would also cover anyone who provides “financial, material or technological support” to those efforts. The bill is unlikely to pass the Senate and...

...enjoy in ‘safe havens’ around the world.  To remedy such blatant injustice, States, victim groups and practitioners are increasingly exploring opportunities to recover assets of perpetrators to be repurposed for reparations – an endeavour which has gathered increased momentum since Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine. For example, in 2022 Canada introduced legal reforms to enable the confiscation of funds frozen under sanctions, and their repurposing for the benefit of victims.  The EU has contemplated imposing a levy on interest made from frozen Russian assets to raise an estimated three billion...

...involvement of any State in this terrorist act would constitute a serious violation by that State of its obligations to work to prevent and refrain from supporting terrorism.” As CNN summarized: Last-minute diplomatic haggling deleted a direct reference to the threat of sanctions on the Syrian government, but the effect of Monday’s resolution is the same. The resolution is under Chapter 7 of the U.N. Charter, which holds open the ultimate possibility of the Security Council considering the use of force with failure to comply. Russia and China simply would...

...by Resolution 60/1 that was adopted in 2025, to be reviewed in September 2026 and September 2027. In addition to the UNHRC, attention has also been directed toward the use of sanctions and accountability. These have resulted in several cases where former heads of state and military officials faced travel sanctions, resulting in them and their families being unable to travel to countries such as Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States. These and other steps at the international level have occurred when no genuine steps towards addressing accountability...

...the country. In Syria-related sanctions, the EU aims to put a travel and shopping ban on President al-Assad’s wife Asma, in addition to other steps they have already taken against the nation. South Africa urges the EU to suspend the airline carbon scheme while the NY Times reports that the carbon plan could pay off for airlines. In response to the US move to lift financial sanctions on 11 countries who have significantly cut oil purchases from Iran, China slams the US’ position, calling it “misguided and selfish.” Columbian troops...

...motion calling for condemnation and recognition in respect of Nagorno-Karabakh. Similar resolutions calling for varying degrees of action, from sanctions to recognition, have begun to surface before governments around the world since a “Ceasefire Statement” brokered by Russia between Armenia and Azerbaijan came into effect on 10 November 2020, bringing a fragile end to renewed hostilities in Nagorno-Karabakh that raged since 27 September 2020. The Ceasefire Statement, which allows Azerbaijan to hold on to areas of Nagorno-Karabakh that it seized during the conflict and requires Armenia to withdraw from several...

...producing changes in state behavior. For example, states may not trust information produced by other states or international institutions. Epistemic institutions can take steps to increase the perceived legitimacy of information, but in some instances credible commitments may be more effective. Second, even with improved information, states may still lack an incentive to coordinate their behavior in the absence of the threat of sanctions. Certain public goods problems, like fisheries, raise this issue. Knowing what constitutes a sustainable fish catch does not by itself provide an incentive for a state...

...that more harm could be done to the value of international humanitarian law by throwing in a referral to the court as a way to garner support for sanctions against Khartoum. Goldsmith says that “even though criminal courts have done little to bring reconciliation to Rwanda or the former Yugoslavia,” or even “deter future crimes,” it is nevertheless “possible that the concrete threat of an ICC prosecution could temper the killings in Darfur without adversely affecting the recent peace deal…” While he seems to recognize that this is a pretty...