Search: extraterritorial sanctions
08 Jul Is the Captain a Code? Redefining the “Genuine Link” under the Law of the Sea in the Age of Maritime Algorithmic Architecture
...of “dark fleets” (meaning vessels operating under opaque ownership and obscure flags to bypass international sanctions) requires a re-evaluation of maritime jurisdiction that transcends traditional security concerns. Although fully autonomous dark fleets remain rare today, even partial automation already raises critical doctrinal questions for flag State jurisdiction. An example is the recent surge in sophisticated AIS-spoofing in the Baltic Sea and the Persian Gulf, where vessels use algorithmic coordinates to broadcast false positions, effectively creating “ghost footprints” that mask illicit ship-to-ship transfers. In addition, the 2023 explosion of the tanker...
15 Mar Polish-Lithuanian-Belarusian Border Crisis and Ius ad Bellum Part II
...the above-mentioned principles of international law: Unauthorized intrusion of airspace by aircraft; Unauthorized crossing of borders by the military forces; Extraterritorial enforcement of jurisdiction (for example, the Eichmann case); Unauthorized covert intelligence operations (for example, the “Rainbow Warrior” incident) Any unauthorized intervention in state internal affairs; The principle of territorial integrity also contains a specific rule regarding the border itself: the inviolability of frontiers. The rule has been elaborated in multiple documents, especially in those relating to the European and post-Soviet context such as: the Helsinki Final Act of 1975...17 May Book Discussion “Outsourcing War and Peace”: A View from Practice
...have seen deeper discussion of the more fundamental issues at play here. Although contractors may appear to be “integrated into combat activities” as Judge Silberman claims in his majority opinion, how truly integrated can contractor personnel be when they are not subject to military command authority with the penal sanctions faced by military members for disobeying, can quit whenever they really don’t like something they’ve been told to do or not do, and ultimately do not enjoy combatant immunity for their otherwise criminal acts? Laura’s discussion would have benefited from...15 Aug The Revised Draft of a Treaty on Business and Human Rights: A Big Leap Forward
...welcome addition to the draft treaty because a series of offences catalogued as crimes under international law or for which international law requires criminalization require separate treatment in the treaty, given their serious character and gravity. However, it also raises questions because it would have some overlap with article 6.1 that mandates a comprehensive legal liability system, presumably also including civil, administrative and criminal. The text of article 6.7 is not clearly linked to a clause providing for sanctions or penalties commensurate with the gravity of the offences (which appears...
11 Oct Rethinking International Law After Gaza BILC 2024: Summary and Declaration
...pressuring governments and corporations to cease military collaborations. Advocate for Trade Sanctions: Advocate for trade sanctions against Israel and all businesses that support Israel’s occupation. Pressure governments to implement these sanctions and target companies complicit in violating Palestinian rights. Suspend Israel from International Events: Campaign for the suspension of Israel from international sports and cultural events. Encourage cultural institutions and workers to boycott collaborations with Israeli entities to undermine the normalisation of apartheid. Boycott Israeli Academic Institutions: Advocate for a comprehensive boycott of Israeli academic institutions. Support Palestinian educators and students...
06 Apr When International Law Fails to Protect: Humanitarian Intervention and the Iranian Repression
...further executions. Several states, including members of the European Union, imposed targeted sanctions on Iranian officials and institutions allegedly responsible for the crackdown. These measures included asset freezes, travel bans, and financial restrictions. Sanctions serve both expressive and instrumental functions: they publicly condemn unlawful conduct and raise the economic and political costs of repression. However, they do not immediately halt ongoing violence, nor do they resolve the underlying structural problem of enforcement when atrocity crimes are alleged. A politically significant development occurred on January 13, 2026, when the President of...19 Sep New Review Essay on SSRN
...and (3) it is not clear why it should never be acceptable to tolerate a “great evil” in the name of peace. The essay then discusses two basic problems with his proposals for horizontal pluralization, focusing on his support for non-punitive collective sanctions: (1) in order to avoid being retributively unjust, collective sanctions would have to be imposed using the same liberal-legalist procedures that paralyze international criminal trials; and (2) only retributively unjust collective sanctions could effectively deter mass atrocity. As always, comments are welcome and would be most appreciated....12 Apr Iran Joins the Nuclear Club
...United States militarily." However no US military power will be able to contain the chaos and asymmetrical warfare that will engulf the region after the US attacks Iran. FKh: Is there any likelihood of UN Security Council approving any kind of force against Iran? What about Sanctions? JH: I don't think there is any likelihood the UN Security Council will approve any kind of force nor sanctions against Iran. Iran is well within its rights within the NPT to enrich uranium on an industrial scale. The US does not want...12 Dec Enforcing the Law and Punishing Syria
...from vetoing any sanctions? My guess is that international opinion and pressure will be so overwhelming that Russia will go along with any punishment against the Syrian state, but that the punishment will be sadly weak. Sanctions are a fairly inefficient tool of statecraft, have little effect (link is to the JSTOR database; subscription required), and typically punish the civilian population more than political leadership (I’ll consider the problem of sanctions in a post later this week). So, for those of you who have faith in the UN and international...