...reasonable doubt.” It is hard to see what is left of Butler after Labaye. As for MacKinnon, she has never repudiated the Butler approach. She has merely advocated that civil rather than criminal
sanctions be employed to suppress pornography. Of course, civil
sanctions can be just as repressive as criminal
sanctions. The ultimate incoherence of MacKinnon’s approach is that it seeks to rely on the machinery of the patriarchal state to suppress patriarchal speech. That the actual consequence of her approach was the suppression of gay, lesbian and feminist material...