...campaigns fall under the broader concept of cognitive warfare. This is a relatively new designation for an age-old concept in war, namely that influencing perceptions and manipulating the flow of information can be just as important as winning on the
battlefield. This form of ‘hybrid warfare’ leverages all technological means available (including cyber, artificial intelligence, neuroscience and psychology, social media, and information technologies), to collect data on targets, analyze their weaknesses, and deliver tailored messages to maximally impact the targets’ beliefs and cognition. What is more, this form of ‘warfare’...