Search: Symposium on the Functional Approach to the Law of Occupation

[Reece Lewis is Lecturer in Law at Cardiff University.] This year marks 40 years since the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) was opened for signature. This landmark provides an opportunity to reflect on its achievements and challenges it faces today. Leading the way is the Report by the UK House of Lords International Relations and Defence Select Committee, entitled “UNCLOS: the Law of the Sea in the 21st Century”—published 1 March 2022. The Inquiry sought to examine whether UNCLOS remains fit for purpose in the...

‘end of history’ Western liberal frame. Some readers who seek to slot ICC literature into a for-or-against dyad might be tempted read this as countering the rule of law movement narrative with a kind of pro-immunity apologism, but this would be missing the important work of critique, which ‘resists evaluating international criminal law in terms of success or failure, but instead asks about its underlying presumptions and conditions of possibility’ (Kendall 2014, Chapter 2). Critical approaches and third world approaches to international law – and specifically international criminal law –...

...remedy for victims of human rights violations caused by business activities. Human rights’ due diligence principle is a critical element of this “responsibility”. However, the UNGPs bear critical flaws and have failed to fill the accountability gap in this field adequately. First, they are not legally binding. Secondly, they do not impose explicit human rights duties on businesses. Last but not least, some states have shown reluctance to adopt the due diligence principle in their domestic laws. Powerful countries and conservative multinational corporations are still promoting a ‘voluntary obligations approach’...

theory, is widely associated with the U.S. approach (although as Col. Bagwell discusses in the U.S. contribution, there is also a U.S. domestic criminal law version of self-defense in the UCMJ). Whichever approach states adopt – whether deriving individual or unit self-defense from domestic criminal law, or from sovereign self-defense – involves borrowing the “conceptual framework” (p. 430-31) and legal standards of a body of law designed for a very different context. However, given the general under-development of the concept of self-defense and large gaps in case law and state...

of terrorism and the challenge of crafting laws to address it. Ben has a nice turn of phrase describing the need for the president to work with Congress in forging an appropriate legal framework: “One can still make a theoretical argument for an executive-only approach to problems like global terrorism. In practice, however, the argument is an unreal dream.” I would rewrite the sentence as to read: “One can still make a theoretical argument for a U.S.-only approach to problems like global terrorism. In practice, however, the argument is an...

focus on the insights which Robinson’s ‘coherentist’ approach provides for understanding the assessment of individual criminal responsibility at the International Criminal Court (ICC) and I will examine the implications of the book’s observations for the way we think about the application of those principles in practice. A new perspective on ICL principles Justice in Extreme Cases rejects the foundationalist approach to defining international criminal law (ICL) principles, which seeks to deduce the requirements of those principles from a pre-existingmoral theory. As the author notes, the plurality of plausible theories, alongside...

[Mary Hansel is an international human rights attorney and the former Acting Director of the International Justice Clinic at University of California, Irvine School of Law (UCI Law). Ashleigh Hayden is a recent graduate of UCI Law. This post benefitted from the input of numerous UCI Law students and faculty.] Introduction Law schools across the globe have declared their commitment to confronting and addressing racial injustice, particularly anti-Blackness. Efforts to make good on these declarations, especially in the U.S., tend to consist of “diversity and inclusion” (sometimes “diversity, equity and...

Kenneth Anderson I am obliged by Home Team Spirit to point out that this address was delivered as the keynote at the American University Law Review annual symposium, this year on piracy, and featuring a stellar lineup, including Ruth Wedgwood and many others. You can check it all out at: http://www.wcl.american.edu/secle/founders/2010/documents/033110TroubledWaters.pdf?rd=1 Eugene Kontorovich Certainly a promising idea, one first broached in the ASIL-ACUNS-One Earth Future piracy conference Julian mentioned recently. https://opiniojuris.org/2010/02/11/experts-release-report-explaining-that-international-law-can-help-suppress-piracy/ I'm working on a longer piece on the subject....

[Kristen Boon is a Professor at Seton Hall Law School and a Visiting Academic at Global Affairs Canada. All views expressed are those of the author.] Kent Roach’s new book Remedies for Human Rights Violations: A Two-Track Approach to Supra-National and National Law celebrates the creativity of international law with regards to remedies. He writes: “a central theme of this book is that domestic human rights lawyers can learn much about remedies from international law.” (5) As international law is sometimes viewed as a siloed discipline by domestic lawyers, Kent’s...

[Kent Roach, CM, FRSC is Professor of Law at the University of Toronto and the author of 15 books including Remedies for Human Rights Violations: A Two-Track Approach to Supra-National and National Law (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2021).] I am grateful to Kristen Boon for her thoughtful engagement with my new book and the remedial dilemmas that she poses and examines. This confirms my sense as someone who has studied and litigated remedies for human rights violations in domestic law that domestic lawyers have much to learn from international lawyers...

[Rossella Pulvirenti is a Senior Lecturer in Manchester Law School (UK), specialising in international criminal law and human rights, with a specific focus on evidence and witnesses’ rights] The evidentiary landscape of international criminal justice is undergoing a profound transformation through the use of open-source intelligence (OSINT). OSINT marks the third major revolution in evidentiary approaches to prosecuting mass atrocity crimes. While it offers unprecedented opportunities for documenting and verifying international crimes, its use generates complex questions, particularly regarding the role and protection of witnesses. In this contribution, the term...

brought power and prosperity. The state was fully aware, or should have been aware, of the scale, frequency, and predictability of the violence (paras 188-188). Yet, Tanzania relied on a narrow defense, arguing that the existence of the general penal laws prohibiting murder and trafficking, together with occasional prosecutions, demonstrated compliance with its obligation under the ACHPR (paras 164-166). Tanzania’s response shows the limit of a purely procedural understanding of due diligence, which does not translate into meaningful protection. The AfCHPR, recognising this, rejected Tanzania’s reliance on a formalistic approach...