...Medellin. In this regard, it is helpful to recall
Justice Iredell’s opinion in Ware v. Hylton, 3 U.S. 199 (1796). In Ware,
Justice Iredell distinguished between executed and executory treaty provisions. Treaty provisions are “executed” if “from the nature of them, they require no further act to be done.” Id. at 272. In contrast, executory treaty provisions require some further action by the U.S. government.
Justice Iredell divided executory treaty provisions into three groups: legislative, executive, and judicial. See id. at 272-73. Whether an executory treaty provision requires legislative, executive,...