In association with the International Commission of Jurists

International Law

02 Jul

[Patrick Brian Smith is an Assistant Professor and University Fellow at the University of Salford, where his research critically examines how evidence is mediated with a particular focus on open-source investigation, AI, and human rights] Human Rights-focused OSI OSI (open source investigation) practices involve the collection and analysis of information drawn from publicly accessible sources to examine specific events, individuals, and organisations. Although...

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02 Jul

[Shun Oshita is a Lecturer at the Hiroshima Peace Institute, Hiroshima City University, specializing in international law and disarmament] Although many predicted it, there is a lingering sense of disappointment or even strong criticism over the failure to adopt a final document at the 11th Review Conference of the Parties (RevCon) to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT). Vietnamese Ambassador Do Hung Viet,...

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01 Jul

[ANDRAS VAMOS-GOLDMAN is a former Canadian diplomat, international lawyer, social entrepreneur and university professor who played key roles on the UN Security Council team, in the Sierra Leone Special Court Management Committee, and in helping to establish the International Criminal Court and Justice Rapid Response (first Executive-Director). ELODIE TRANCHEZ PhD is an international human rights lawyer specialising in UN human rights strategic...

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01 Jul

[Heybatollah Najandimanesh, associate professor of international law at Allameh Tabatabaei University, Tehran, Iran] Introduction Can a treaty concluded under sustained military pressure ever constitute a valid expression of state consent? This question lies at the heart of Article 52 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (VCLT), which provides that a treaty is void if its conclusion has been procured by the threat or...

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30 Jun

[Narek Abgaryan is a legal professional specializing in public international law with expertise in international humanitarian law and the law of international treaties, currently focused on promoting international law and legal education in Armenia. Davit Khachatryan is an international law expert and lecturer specializing in public international law, alternative dispute resolution, investment law, international humanitarian law, and security.] Much has been written about the legality...

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30 Jun

[Gustavo Leite Neves da Luz is a Postdoctoral Fellow at Dalhousie University. He holds a PhD in International Law from the University of Hamburg. His research focuses on public international law, the law of the sea, and international environmental law] International law has not died. Its treaties remain in force, courts continue to decide, and institutions still organise the vocabulary through which power...

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29 Jun

[Luigi Daniele is Associate Professor of International Law at the University of Molise, Italy, where he recently moved after working as Lecturer and Senior Lecturer in IHL and ICL at Nottingham Law School (NTU)] The first part of this rejoinder has detailed why ‘incidental’, as qualifier of the foreseeable civilian harm object of proportionality assessments, cannot be understood as synonymous of ‘accidental’ or ‘fortuitous’...

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29 Jun

[Luigi Daniele is Associate Professor of International Law at the University of Molise, Italy, where he recently moved after working as Lecturer and Senior Lecturer in IHL and ICL at Nottingham Law School (NTU)] Last year, the Journal of Conflict and Security Law hosted an interesting debate on a surprisingly neglected topic, that is how to understand the notion of incidental civilian harm under...

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24 Jun

[Erard de Schaetzen is a Belgian lawyer, holding a Master’s degree in European law from the Université catholique de Louvain and an LL.M. in Public International Law from Utrecht University] On January 9th, 2026, the European Commission and the Mercosur concluded over two decades of negotiations with the signing of the Partnership Agreement (EMPA) and the Interim Trade Agreement (iTA) – the two legal pillars...

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23 Jun

[Ayşe Didem Sezgin is an assistant professor of international law at Boğaziçi University, Faculty of Law, Istanbul] Should an olive tree rooted in occupied Palestine, surviving in the shrinking open-air prison ruled under the Israeli apartheid regime be held differently than any other olive tree rooted anywhere else in the world? Could the uprooting of this olive tree be a testimony...

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19 Jun

[Geoff Gilbert is a Professor at the School of Law and Human Rights Centre, University of Essex, Senior Adviser to PPLA, DIPS, UNHCR and Head of Research for the Criteria Volume of the new Handbook] The 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees is celebrating its 75th birthday. In the same way as if it were a human being, after...

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19 Jun

[The Honourable Russel W. Zinn is a retired Justice of the Federal Court of Canada and President of the International Association of Refugee and Migration Judges] The Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees [the Convention] was adopted on July 28, 1951.  It is the foundational international treaty defining who a refugee is and their rights.  Originally limited to European refugees...

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