Search: extraterritorial sanctions
09 May The U.S. is Number One — in Imprisonment Rates
...in recent years’ should take cognizance of the fact ‘expanding punishment resources will have more effect on cases of marginal seriousness rather than those that provoke the greatest degree of citizen fear. The result is that when fear of lethal violence is translated into a general campaign against crime, the major share of extra resources will directed at nonviolent behavior.’ [….] [C]rime crackdowns have their most dramatic impact on less serious offenses that are close to the margin between incarceration and more lenient penal sanctions. The pattern of nonviolent offenses...25 May Amnesty’s Torture List
...me suggest two other controversial legal arguments and ask you whether you think they too should be subject to criminal or ethical sanctions.The bombing of Serbia without UN Security Council authorization is NOT a violation of the UN Charter. Abortion is a fundamental individual right protected by the due process clause of the 14th Amendment. In both cases, there are difficult arguments on both sides. Would it really advance our credibility as a profession (lawyers) to seek prosecution and/or disciplinary sanctions for lawyers who made arguments in favor of these...27 Feb The Problem of International Parental Child Abduction
...use of their jurisdictions as safe havens - ICARA/IKPA deal with abductions out of the US but not to it, I think this is a fundamental weakness in the current HC aproach of dealing with the issue after the child has been taken - imposing sanctions on a parent who abducts to your jurisdiction may be a better way of preventing an abduction to begin with rather than the current cat-and-mouse game with an abducting parent simply hiding until a child is settled in the new environment; 2. Sanctions against...02 Oct Book Symposium Investment Law: International Criminal Responsibility of Transnational Corporate Actors Doing Business in Zones of Armed Conflict
...Supreme Court has recognized over the years (in 20 cases) that corporations and companies can have duties and rights under treaty-based and customary international law. http://ssrn.com/abstract=1701992 There have always been a number of non-state actors with formal participatory roles and international law has, therefore, never been merely state-to-state. Sanctions against corporations and companies have normally been economic in nature. Better awareness of the roles of various non-state actors in the 18th, 19th, and 20th centuries should be helpful with respect to future efforts to assure normative compliance and effective sanctions....14 Apr The States Continue to Exist in Foreign Affairs: Implementing Treaties
...American nations, tribes, and peoples) -- e.g., http://ssrn.com/abstract=1484842 And, of course, there is the problem posed by federal preemption. Hostage Re: Of course, states are expressly bound under the Supremacy clause re: “all” treaties of the United States" ... Another interesting conumdrum is the interplay between the foreign commerce clause, the treaty obligation to accept decisions of the UN Security Council on sanctions, and individual state determinations which prohibit investment of their own pension funds & etc. in businesses doing commerce with countries that the Executive branch has placed on...21 Jan Sands and Lithwick on the Prosecution of Torturers
...Convention] and shall bring such persons, regardless of their nationality, before its own courts” for “effective penal sanctions” or, “if it prefers, ... hand such persons over for trial to another High Contracting Party.” The obligation is absolute and applies with respect to alleged perpetrators of any status. As a party to the Geneva Conventions, the United States must either initiate prosecution or extradite to another state or, today, render an accused to the International Criminal Court. “Grave breaches” of the Convention include “torture or inhuman treatment” and transfer of...
26 Apr The ICJ and the ECtHR’s Provisional Measures in the “Lachin Corridor” in Azerbaijan: Can Armenia Use the Civilian Passage for Military Purposes?
...cargo entry to Azerbaijan’s Karabakh region. It is not an extraterritorial corridor as Armenia and Russia do not have any sovereign rights (e.g., transit rights) over the road. Azerbaijan’s laws apply to the passage. Azerbaijan’s army, police, customs, and other agencies do not check the persons and cargo yet. The Russian peacekeeping force supposedly exercises this function on behalf of Azerbaijan in the passage and also in Karabakh as well. However, unclear passage rules in the Lachin corridor are the main cause of this international legal dispute. To prevent...17 Apr The Death of Universal Civil Jurisdiction Under the ATS
...as a universal civil jurisdiction decision, although it was grounded in U.S. historical analysis that seemed to coincide with universal civil jurisdiction. Still, as I noted before, Justice Breyer did not build on the Sosa concurrence in today’s Kiobel opinion. Instead, he revived the quite rarely invoked “protective” principle to justify the ATS’ extraterritorial reach. He then added that preventing war criminals from winning a “safe harbor” in the U.S. was within the protective principle (that’s a somewhat dubious interpretation to me). This is a much narrower approach than I...24 Apr Kiobel Insta-Symposium: A More Positive Outlook for International Law
...consensus, rather than unilateral means. Unilateral extraterritorial regulation of the foreign-cubed variety, where one state purports to dictate conduct in another state’s territory, is in tension with international norms and basic principles of democracy. It’s also a perspective that believes human rights become universal not through some sort of predetermined inevitability, but only through careful building of alliances and legitimacy between different groups joined in purpose. The concern therefore should not be that U.S. courts will become the world’s courts. Rather it’s that any court, in any nation, can assert...