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...literature on international courts. Scholars are biased towards success, since it is hard to build a career by focusing on what does not exist for most to see. Katzenstein is correct in pointing out the limitations of our scholarly biases. Indeed the only way to understand what leads to IC creation is to give equal weight to both successful and unsuccessful efforts. Researching abandoned initiatives, however, is not so easy to do. One can find references to publicly voiced ideas and formed proposals that fail, but these references tend to...

...in its search for the bin Laden family. Kevin suppressed snarky comments about Moreno-Ocampo’s new appointment as FIFA’s chief investigator into allegations of match-fixing and corruption. He was shocked to read that Yale University offered a course by Gen. Stanley McChrystal in which students could only take notes on a non-attribution basis, which led to a discussion whether the Chatham House Rule belongs in the classroom. Kevin also argued that the Special Court for Sierra Leone’s decision to sentence Charles Taylor to 50 years’ imprisonment is disproportionate, given that Taylor...

...up the news (1, 2) and we listed events and announcements (1, 2). In other news, Kevin announced how he is joining Doughty Street Chambers as an Academic Member; Julian wished all the best to former Washington University law professor Peter Mutharika who was named Malawi’s new President; and Chris posted the search announcement for a new Executive Director at ASIL. Our New York based readers may also want to attend the Human Rights Film Festival starting next week. Thank you to our guest contributors and have a nice weekend!...

...1995, after the fall of Srebrenica, and that the victims were Bosnian Muslim men from Srebrenica, were sufficient to link the Trnovo killings to the common purpose of the JCE to Murder. The Prosecution correctly points out that the principal perpetrator of a given crime need not be a member of the JCE and that it must be determined whether the crime in question forms part of the common purpose. The Appeals Chamber reiterates that: to hold a member of a JCE responsible for crimes committed by non-members of the...

[Martin Jarrett is a Senior Research Fellow at the Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law.] In a recently published arbitral award coming from an investor-state arbitration, the arbitral tribunal made a rare confession: it was uncomfortable with its decision finding that the state was not internationally responsible for its conduct. The case was Krederi v. Ukraine. Although the statement of facts is heavily redacted, it is clear enough that the investor purchased blocks of land from Kiev City Council. These transactions were subsequently unwound by the...

...the President has the authority, just by virtue of being President and Commander in Chief to authorize searches without complying with the Fourth Amendment. But I don’t think the Court’s going to buy that because is no stopping point to that argument? If the President can authorize electronic eavesdropping without a warrant, can you authorize federal law enforcement to go into people’s houses without a warrant to search there? If President’s powers could trump the Fourth Amendment, why not the First Amendment. If the President has this authority, why can’t...

...states of the Genocide Convention, the outcome likely would have been a significant slowing down of the conflict in Gaza. Over six months on, nothing has changed in terms of the warfare methods Israel has been using and the polices in place despite the much-praised decision on provisional measures against Israel.  Generating Unrealistic Expectations Some argue that by mimicking real trials and adopting the same terminology as courts, people’s tribunals create a false impression of authority, leading to unrealistic expectations among victims’ communities, who are often unaware of the non-binding...

...immutable boundaries. To use Kuhn’s preferred terminology, normal scientific development is cumulative. New research builds upon past research. We accept past premises, theories, methods, and conclusions. Even where we challenge them, our critique takes place within the same frame. We can devise unique methods for speeding up our crossword game, just as we can develop an unknown technique for besting Carlsen. We can even propose a tweak of the parameters (as Wenger has done for that heretical offside rule). Consistent, however, is our respect for the parameters; even geniuses play...

...persons. However, while the International Red Cross can conduct effective search, and provide trainings and families with psycho-social support, its activities cannot exhaust state obligations concerning missing persons. It is states, and not the International Red Cross, which have an obligation to conduct investigations, prosecute perpetrators, and provide reparation to families. Thus, while cooperation between states and the International Red Cross movement is often the most effective way of addressing missing persons, the tendency of states to portray the movement as the leading (or, often, the only) actor in this...

...of the forum non conveniens doctrine in the rules of jurisdiction.  While NGOs and legal experts called on the EU to allow UK accession to Lugano Convention, the European Commission concluded that the UK membership should be refused viewing the Lugano Convention as an essential instrument in supporting the EU’s internal market. The forum non conveniens control is back, and the search for the most appropriate forum to litigate the dispute might impact victims of business-related human rights abuses in the post-Brexit environment. But there are several judicial developments in...

...threat) posed by the Malian militants against the United States. So consent it is, and it would come from, best case, a government that seized power by coup and to which we’ve otherwise cut off military aid. The U.S. still maintains an embassy in Mali (as does Mali in the U.S.), so perhaps consent is not legally insurmountable. But I’d wonder both what the terms of the U.S. aid cut-off were, and whether there’s any precedent for this. (2) Domestic law. This seems the tougher question. Would, for example, the...

legal effects. A parent can inadvertently bring itself in closer proximity with victims abroad, even if this in itself is not determinative of liability. Common law judges can and have used proximity as an expedient way to dismiss cases, but recent caselaw cautions companies to not see in geographical remoteness a blanket protection. The standard of reasonableness in negligence law is evolving. The reasonable person concept sets a standard of culpability. Some regard it as an ‘empty vessel’ that enables judges to determine what is socially acceptable. While this concept...