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...such acts could also amount to persecution under Article 7(1)(h) (see here, para. 76).  Deportation presumes transfer beyond State borders whereas forced transfer entails displacements within a State. The ICC Elements of Crimes specify that the terms “deported or forcibly transferred” are interchangeable with “forcibly displaced” (see footnote 14), and that “[t]he term ‘forcibly’ is not restricted to physical force, but may include threat of force or coercion, such as that caused by fear of violence, duress, detention, psychological oppression, or abuse of power against such person or persons or...

...preserving the global environment. Understanding how a regime will function depends on having a theory of government preferences. This is particular true with secondary rules. All remedy systems, like international law more broadly, needs to be self-enforcing (another major theme of the book). Governments must accept the remedy rules of a treaty regime – even if they breach the treaty’s substantive rules – or the regime won’t be sustainable. This requires an understanding of how government interests develop and change, including how the government trades off long-term versus short-term interests....

...creation of the term “cross-judging” is also somewhat unclear, given the rich literature that exists on transnational judicial dialogue and transnational legal culture. Is there something unique about the new term? Expanding external jurisprudence and internal transitional justice Teitel closes with reflections upon the challenges where courts intervene in countries where accountability has begun, but has stopped or is delayed. She suggests that there is, or ought to be, a continuum of accountability where there are domestic political considerations in play. Building on conceptions of judicial deference, subsidiarity and complementarity,...

...expertise can answer and obscuring the need for other tools, as Elena Baylis suggests. Finally, different approaches may also create research hurdles; they may involve methods difficult to pursue at the same time or by the same scholars. Rationalist and experimental methods may require mathematical expertise not widely shared outside of certain fields. “Ethnographic research involves case-oriented study, including long-term fieldwork and in-depth interviews,” as Galit Sarfaty explains. The burdens of doing such work well may make it difficult for all but the most committed to undertake. What might be...

The NSA may be collecting data on Americans in the United States. What about Americans abroad? “Foreign intelligence” is a term threaded through the surveillance debate, with a general understanding that collecting that kind of information is okay. The term is defined in a territorial sense, in the sense of intelligence originating outside of the United States. Under the FISA Amendments Act, the Attorney General and the NDI are required to adopt “targeting procedures that are reasonably designed to ensure that any [intelligence acquisition] is limited to targeting persons reasonably...

...as access to long-term care, caregiving responsibilities that often arise in later life, and the ability to both continue working and receive a pension—that existing conventions do not address. Meanwhile, evidence that older persons’ rights and needs are going unmet is found across low- and high-income settings alike.  For example, older persons face an outsized risk of falling into poverty, as social safety nets often provide too little support to meet basic needs in the context of longer life spans, rising costs, and worsening global crises. At the same time,...

...high levels of GBV experienced by Rohingya women and girls before and during the crisis. As such, the vast majority of targeted actions focus on women and girls, with systems being set up to ensure quality support for GBV survivors… (p10). Similarly, reports released in late 2017 in the immediate aftermath of the crisis such as “All of My Body Was Pain: Sexual Violence against Rohingya Women and Girls in Burma”” from Human Rights Watch and “My World is Finished: Rohingya Targeted in Crimes Against Humanity In Myanmar” by Amnesty...

time, but let me insist that the state's predicating detaining/killing people on self-defense grounds (outside of imminence) is not a space with which I would wish that we join. For me, it is very quickly "enemies lists" and "who can we disappear and whack" because "we" think they are bad people. We are not far from "thought crime" here. In fact, we are there I would suggest. Given the capacity of state actors to "freak out" (term from the Margolis paper) I hope that those thinking in these terms have...

that the ASP — the ICC’s “legislature” — may determine who is eligible to ratify the Rome Statute or accept its jurisdiction? After all, Article 112(2), as the OTP pointed out, specifically says that the ASP may “[p]erform any other function consistent with this Statute or the Rules of Procedure and Evidence.” How would a determination that the Court may accept the Palestinian declaration be inconsistent with the Statute or RPE? Mr. Davenport concludes his post by claiming that “this is clearly the end of the line for any ICC...

...power to legislate, but this is precisely controversial. There’s nothing in the Charter suggesting the existence of such a power, though some have argued that it falls within its wide powers to maintain or restore international peace and security. But moving from the idea that threats to the peace need to relate to concrete circumstances to an abstract notion that any act of (international) terrorism or proliferation of WMD constitutes such a threat simply serves to decontextualize determinations (and note that the Council did not actually ‘determine’ a threat to...

...– 2013). Ambassador Tiina Intelmann (Estonia), was recommended for the post by the Bureau in July. She will replace Ambassador Christian Wenaweser (Liechtenstein). The Assembly will further elect the Prosecutor who shall hold office for a term of up to nine years and shall not be eligible for re-election. As mandated by the Rome Statute, every effort shall be made to elect the Prosecutor by consensus. The four shortlisted candidates recommended by the Prosecutor Search Committee are: Ms. Fatou Bensouda (Gambia), Mr. Andrew T. Cayley (United Kingdom), Mr. Mohamed Chande...

...of experts, he believes that Israel continues to occupy Gaza (p. 2): For the purpose of answering the question posed, the question whether the Gaza Strip constitutes territory occupied by Israel is decisive…. It should be taken into account that the withdrawal was not as complete as it should have been in order to terminate Israel’s position as an occupying power. Israel continue to control access to Gaza from land (except for a relatively short border line with Egypt, which however was closed pursuant to an understanding between Israel and...