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[Danielle Flanagan is an International Disputes & Litigation Associate at Hogan Lovells LLP and former Judicial Fellow at the International Court of Justice. Mariana Goetz is the Director of Rights for Peace, a U.K. registered human rights organization working to strengthen the rights and resilience of conflict-affected communities to prevent identity-based violence.] Amid renewed atrocities in Sudan since April 2023, the Rapid Support...

[Ben Gerstein (JD, BA) is a Visiting Fellow at the University of Sarajevo Institute for the Research of Crimes against Humanity and International Law] What is the difference between pursuing the violent ethnic homogenization of a territory and the physical destruction of the group living on that land? And further, when does ethnic cleansing reach the threshold of genocide? Examining the...

[Thairi Moya Sánchez (PhD) is a full-time professor of public international law at Complutense University of Madrid] Over recent months, the Venezuela file has moved into an accelerated escalation: international airlines suspended or curtailed operations amid official safety advisories and mounting regional military risk; Washington announced coercive maritime measures against sanctioned oil shipments; and, on 3 January 2026, U.S. forces conducted...

[Maud Sarliève and Dr Pauline Martini are associate research fellows at the Institute of Commonwealth Studies, University of London] On 4 December 2025, the Office of the Prosecutor (OTP) of the International Criminal Court (ICC) launched its groundbreaking Policy on Addressing Environmental Damage under the Rome Statute: severe environmental harm can now be prosecuted as an international crime. This document represents...

[Heybatollah Najandimanesh is an associate professor of international law at Allameh Tabatabaei University, Tehran, Iran] Introduction   The incorporation of international crimes into domestic legislation marks a pivotal stage in the development of international criminal law (ICL). Iran’s proposed Iran’s Draft Bill on International Crimes (IDBIC) seeks to criminalise genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and aggression within its national legal framework. This initiative...

[Ezequiel Jimenez has a PhD in international law (Middlesex University, United Kingdom), works at Amnesty International and is Senior Fellow at the Center for International Law Research and Policy. His forthcoming book about the history and practice of the Assembly of States Parties to the Rome Statute will be published on 18 December 2025.] The 125 States Parties to the Rome...

[Mohamed Hanafy (associate researcher and advocacy officer) and Juliette Rémond Tiedrez (associate legal adviser) both work with the International Commission of Jurists’ Middle East and North Africa programme] This post is based on the Q&A Libya’s acceptance of the International Criminal Court’s jurisdiction: stakes and implications published by the International Commission of Jurists in July 2025. On 12 May 2025, the Government of...

[Gaiane Nuridzhanian is an associate professor at The Arctic University of Norway (UiT)] The legal principle of ne bis in idem proclaims that no one shall be tried twice for the same matter. This principle finds expression in a variety of ne bis in idem rules that define the specific parameters of the prohibition on repeat trial. While the ne bis...

[Dr Daniel R. Ruhweza is a senior lecturer and head of the Department of Law and Jurisprudence at the Makerere University School of Law] Gaiane Nuridzhanian’s The Principle of ne bis in idem in International Criminal Law examines the common law principle of double jeopardy as established in the Rome statute under Article 20 as a legal principle. This Statute establishes...

[Megumi Ochi is associate professor at the Graduate School of International Relations, Ritsumeikan University, Kyoto. The Premises of International Criminal Procedure: Identifying the Principles in International Collaboration (Springer, 2024) is the English translation of her second monograph.] I am honoured to be invited to this book symposium on this outstanding monograph written by my friend, Gaiane, on a topic that has...

[Gaiane Nuridzhanian is an associate professor at The Arctic University of Norway (UiT)] The legal principle of ne bis in idem, also known as double jeopardy, proclaims that no person shall be tried twice for the same matter. This principle exists in most of the domestic legal systems and is a fundamental human right. While the importance of this principle is...

[Greta Ramelli is an international law jurist specializing in international criminal law, and has worked across governmental and non-governmental sectors] The first World Congress on Enforced Disappearances (WCED) was held in Geneva on January 15-16. This historic event brought together state representatives, victims, civil society organizations, international bodies, and experts to foster dialogue and strengthen the fight against enforced disappearances. I participated...