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Search: extraterritorial sanctions

06 Feb

...governance. International law is not failing because states occasionally violate its rules – it is struggling because the world it seeks to regulate no longer conforms to the assumptions embedded in its legal form. The persistence of this mismatch risks rendering international law reactive, marginal, and normatively hollow. The Limits of Prohibition and Sanction One response to this diagnosis has been to call for stronger rules and tougher enforcement. From climate law to cyber governance, reform proposals often emphasise clearer obligations, more robust compliance mechanisms, and enhanced sanctions. While such...
06.02.26 | |

11 Oct

...head of Mossad, who warned, “You don’t want to be getting into things that could compromise your security or that of your family”. The obstruction of the ICC has been marked not only by covert espionage but by overt political threats. On 24 April 2024, twelve US Republican Senators issued a letter to ICC Prosecutor Karim Khan, threatening sanctions and unspecified consequences for him, Court officials, and their families if arrest warrants were issued against Israeli leaders. Democratic Senator John Fetterman even warned that pursuing charges against Israeli officials would...
11.10.24 | |

06 Nov

...GHF’s operational model. The Montreux Document outlines state responsibilities for PMSCs, but it does not squarely encompass intelligence-style data operations. The International Code of Conduct for Private Security Service Providers (ICoC) similarly defines “security services” in terms that may not reach biometric enrollment or watchlist analytics. The ICoC Association has taken steps to integrate technology and human rights into its monitoring, but its enforcement tools – certification and reputational sanctions – are poorly matched to entities whose leverage derives from information flows and technological coercion.  Filling that gap requires not...
06.11.25 | |