Regions

[Tomás Cristóbal Alonso Sandoval Tomás has a PhD in Advanced Studies in Human Rights (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid), and is a lawyer, international litigator, university professor, and researcher] The Forgotten Dictatorship: An Authoritarianism Operating in Silence The expression “forgotten dictatorship” accurately describes the Nicaraguan situation because, although international organizations have documented serious, systematic, and ongoing human rights violations, the country’s crisis...

[Clara Sandoval is an international human rights lawyer, Honorary Professor at Essex University, and founding member of the Essex Transitional Justice Network. She is also a visiting professor at the Geneva Academy, and Director of Programmes at the Global Survivors Fund where she works on reparation.] The author served as expert in this case, providing analysis on Peru’s reparations framework, including...

[Timothy William Waters is the Richard S. Melvin Professor at Indiana University Maurer School of Law, and author of Boxing Pandora: Rethinking Borders, States, and Secession in a Democratic World (Yale University Press, 2020). His new book on secession in the United States is tentatively titled Unmapping America: The Case for A New Declaration of Independence (The New Press, forthcoming...

[Davit Khachatryan is a lecturer at American University of Armenia and Russian-Armenian University] There is something almost ritualistic about restating the law of self-defense. Article 51 has been parsed, contested, stretched, and invoked in nearly every major armed conflict since 1945. Few provisions of international law are at once so settled in principle and so contested in application. Yet the war between Iran...

[Sarah Shoker is a Senior Non-Resident Fellow in artificial intelligence at U.C. Berkeley Risk and Security Lab and former Geopolitics Team Lead at OpenAI. Jessica Dorsey is an Assistant Professor of International Law at Utrecht University School of Law and Managing Editor of Opinio Juris.] What began as a quiet contract dispute between the U.S. Department of Defense and the AI...

[José Enrique Conde Belmonte is a Professor of Public International Law and European Union Law at the Complutense University of Madrid. He writes here in a personal academic capacity.] On 30 July 2026, roughly 60,000 people crossed from Morocco into the Spanish city of Ceuta — population 84,000 — in under forty-eight hours, most of them by sea around the Tarajal...

[Taylor Kate Woodcock is a researcher in public international law at the T.M.C. Asser Instituut and Jessica Dorsey is an Assistant Professor of International Law at Utrecht University School of Law and Managing Editor of Opinio Juris.]  Four and a half months have passed since the Minab school bombing by United States forces in Iran on 28 February 2026, killing at least 157 people – including 120...

[Milena Sterio is a Distinguished Professor of Law at Cleveland State University and Managing Director of the International Law & Policy Group.  Bhavani Fonseka is a human rights defender and transitional justice expert from Sri Lanka. Stephen Rapp is a former US Ambassador-at-Large for Global Criminal Justice and former international prosecutor at the Rwanda and Sierra Leone tribunals.] Introduction ‘The Court of the...

[Kevin Bell is a former Judge of the Supreme Court of Victoria (Australia) and Adjunct Professor at Monash University.  Goran Lambertz is a former Judge of the Supreme Court of Sweden and former Chancellor of Justice of Sweden.] Introduction ‘The Court of the Citizens of the World organized by the Cinema for Peace Foundation, sat as an Ecocide Tribunal in Berlin, Germany, during 16-19...

[Stephen Rapp is a former US Ambassador-at-Large for Global Criminal Justice and former international prosecutor at the Rwanda and Sierra Leone tribunals] Introduction by Stephen Rapp ‘The Court of the Citizens of the World organized by the Cinema for Peace Foundation, sat as an Ecocide Tribunal in Berlin, Germany, during 16-19 February 2026, to hear witnesses and receive documentary evidence. The Prosecution...