Outer Space Treaty Tag

[Amir Hossein Asgari is a Ph.D. candidate in public international law at the University of Tehran, Iran] Introduction Israel’s recent launch of the reconnaissance satellite (Ofek-19), aimed at enhancing regional surveillance and intelligence capabilities, raises serious questions in the fields of international space law and public international law. The use of satellite technology for collecting security and military data is not only...

[Dr Charles Ho Wang Mak is a Lecturer in Law at the University of Bristol] A new generation of national laws and international agreements on commercial space mining is emerging, driven by the rapid privatisation of space activities and the pursuit of extraterrestrial resources. On 25 June 2025, Italy enacted its comprehensive Italian Space Law (Law No. 89/2025). This law establishes...