Search: Symposium on the Functional Approach to the Law of Occupation

to recognize shared responsibility. Yet, how can such relativization take place without endangering the autonomy of international law and the equality of states under international law? European Union law shows one possibility with its protection of “national identity”. This concept can be compared to the concept of sovereignty, as it regulates the interaction of the various legal orders. The meaning of this EU concept is shaped by public law on the European as well as on the domestic level: While the EU framework prescribes some common elements, the specific meaning...

...engagement, with the support of like-minded Member States. The primary and exclusive interest must always be standards rather than status. Asserting “Normative Will” Once a territory comes within the scope of the ECHR, the CoE has an ordre public responsibility to the rights holders in that territory. Its unique set of complementary mechanisms can help improve human rights protection by functional authorities and can empower independent institutions and civil society actors to carry out advocacy or monitoring. Raising the profile of the ECHR, and the Court’s jurisprudence amongst judges, lawyers...

...I had begun thinking of a more context-sensitive approach to the extraterritorial application of constitutional constraints and protections in terms of what I call “bounded functionality” (this is perhaps one version of the “something in between” that Roger evokes in his first post on Gerry Neuman’s typology of approaches to the territorial reach of the Constitution). I look forward to continued conversations about how these approaches can inform judicial reasoning. In his second post, Julian Ku criticizes the majority’s focus “practical and functional considerations” for its unpredictability. In his view,...

[Jan Lhotský is the head of the Czech Centre for Human Rights and Democracy . He also works as a lawyer at the Office of the Public Defender of Rights (Ombudsperson) and as a senior researcher at the Centre for International Law of the Institute of International Relations in Prague.] The universal system of monitoring human rights obligations – the UN treaty bodies based in Geneva – has been in need of reform for decades. There were several waves of reform proposals during those years, but each time only minor...

prevent multiple applications for asylum. The possibility of accessing these data and requesting their correction if they are incorrect is expressly laid down in Article 29 EURODAC. The prospection of requesting their deletion if they have been unlawfully processed is also granted, but it is not specified when they are to be considered unlawful.  Since personal data protection is always at stake, the authorities competent to ensure that the respective rights are guaranteed here are the Data Protection Authorities (DPAs) in the respective Member States, as enshrined in Article 30...

agreements free from congressional oversight or approval. At the same time, the Executive has come to police the constitutional propriety of U.S. state agreements with foreign governments. This essay focuses on the informational, functional and structural challenges of having the Executive act as a surrogate for Congress in overseeing state agreements abroad. First, executive oversight has done little to remedy a growing informational deficit on what agreements U.S. states are making with foreign governments. Second, even if the Executive knew what the states were doing, it lacks the functional capacity...

[ Daniele Perissi is Head of the Democratic Republic of Congo Program at TRIAL International, and holds an LLM in international humanitarian law and human rights law. Morgane Greco is a Legal Advisor for the Democratic Republic of the Congo Program at the TRIAL International, and holds an LLM in international human rights law and international criminal justice. Julie Baleynaud is a Legal Advisor for the Democratic Republic of the Congo Program at the TRIAL International, and holds an LLM in public international and human rights law.] On 15 December...

...(Article 16). The legislation further stipulates a number of criteria that can lead to the replacement of any member of a gacaca organ upon the demand of other members of that organ (Article 12). Unfortunately, in terms of due process, the gacaca appeals system is no less flawed than the gacaca trials themselves, even for Category II defendants who — like Byuma — are entitled to judicial review of their convictions: The Gacaca Courts do have an extremely limited judicial review in the form of the right to appeal by...

Events Sociological Inquires into International Law” (LSE, May 16-17, 2014) is a workshop with the aim of bringing contemporary international law scholarship into a closer conversation with a number of inspiring and theoretically rich literatures on law and markets deriving from traditions of thinking within sociology and anthropology. We are convinced that, particularly within the field of international economic law, a deeper and more informed engagement with a range of sociological and social theoretic modes of thinking is necessary for intellectual renewal. For details, please visit the workshop site. If...

into their independence by host governments/courts. Instead of clarifying what this functional standard actually means and how it interacts with the commercial v non-commercial distinction, the Supreme Court chose to simply engage in an exercise of statutory interpretation taking a parochial approach (p. 12). So, there now exists a schism in the international and national law in this respect. However, ‘functionalism’ is not completely irrelevant to the IOIA regime. As the Supreme Court pointed out, the President of the United States can modify an IO’s immunity in light of its...

[Elodie Tranchez, PhD, is an international human rights lawyer and teaches public international law, including the law of treaties and the law of international organizations, at the University for Peace (UPEACE). Elvira Domínguez-Redondo  is professor of law at Kingston University, specialising in international law, human rights and United Nations mechanisms.] On 4 January 2026, the United States adopted Executive Order 14199, withdrawing from a wide range of international organisations, including 31 United Nations agencies and entities. The decision affects international treaties that require formal withdrawal (e.g., United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change),...

[Ingrid Wuerth is Professor of Law and Director of International Legal Studies at Vanderbilt University Law School. You can reach her at: Ingrid.wuerth@vanderbilt.edu.] This post examines two aspects of the Fourth Circuit’s 2012 decision on remand in Yousuf v. Samantar. Samantar has petitioned the Supreme Court for certiorari again, and the initial briefing on the cert. petition should conclude soon. Now is accordingly an opportune time to examine the Fourth Circuit’s decision, which has attracted excellent blog commentary from John Bellinger and Curt Bradley at Lawfare and Bill Dodge here....