International Humanitarian Law

[Ashley S. Kinseth is an international human rights lawyer working on atrocity crimes and statelessness and a member of the Genocide Experts Working Group convened by Genocide Watch. She has conducted field research in Myanmar's Rakhine State and in Rohingya refugee camps in Bangladesh and India.]  In Part I, I described the elaborate system of permits, arbitrary taxes, village labor quotas, and...

[Ashley S. Kinseth is an international human rights lawyer working on atrocity crimes and statelessness and a member of the Genocide Experts Working Group convened by Genocide Watch. She has conducted field research in Myanmar's Rakhine State and in Rohingya refugee camps in Bangladesh and India.]  Rohingya fleeing Myanmar’s northern Rakhine State pay $300 to $500 for documents to get past Arakan...

[Flóra Merész is a Public International LL.M. graduate from Leiden University, a former intern in the ‘Regulation in the public interest: Disruptive technologies in peace and security’ strand of the T.M.C. Asser Institute, currently working as a Legal Fellow at Just Access e.V.] Deepfakes not only blur reality in our everyday life but also increasingly on the battlefield. From fake videos...

[Noah Sylvia is a Research Fellow for C4ISR and Emerging Tech at the Royal United Services Institute.] As advanced digitalised systems have become ubiquitous in modern warfare, the policy community primarily engages with these technologies through discussion of Decision Support Systems (DSS). DSS (or sometimes AI-DSS) encompass the range of digital systems used in decision-making processes, especially those incorporating some type...

[Dr. Pouria Askary is an Associate Professor of International Law at Allameh Tabataba’i University. Dr. Katayoun Hosseinnejad is an independent researcher and consultant.] On August 24, 2026, the U.S. Department of the Treasury launched a new economic campaign against Iran, which it described as targeting the country’s “lifelines”. The so called “Operation Economic Outcast” as reflected in the statement of the Secretary...

[Fadel Abdulghany is the Executive Director of the Syrian Network for Human Rights (SNHR) and a doctoral researcher in International Criminal Law and Transitional Justice at the University of Glasgow.] South Africa v. Israel before the International Court of Justice concerns the application of the Genocide Convention in the Gaza Strip. In a genocide case arising out of armed conflict, evidence...

[Jeroen van den Boogaard is a legal counsel for the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs and a lecturer in international humanitarian law at the University of Amsterdam. He writes this post in his personal capacity. This is the seventh and final piece in a series of analyses on aspects of the recent adoption of the 2024-2026 CCW GGE LAWS report.] In...

[Jessica Dorsey is an Assistant Professor of International Law at Utrecht University School of Law and Managing Editor of Opinio Juris. This post is the sixth in a series of analyses on aspects of the recent adoption of the 2024-2026 CCW GGE LAWS report.] Introduction This post traces the trajectory of the concepts of responsibility and accountability across successive iterations of the GGE's Rolling...