International Criminal Law

[Sayed Hussein Anosh is the Executive Director of Human Rights Defenders Plus (HRD+). Kate McInnes practices international human rights law and international criminal law at Arendt Chambers.] Gender persecution has been the defining feature of Taliban rule since its return to power in 2021. Afghan women and girls continue to be subjected to what commentators have described as one of the worst reversals of rights...

[Chuka Arinze-Onyia is a doctoral student researching universal jurisdiction at Griffith University Law School] Only weeks after the Nigerian government entered into a Memorandum of Understanding with the ICC to prosecute crimes committed by Boko Haram and the Nigerian military, the Nigerian Airforce on 11 April 2026, launched airstrikes that killed over 100 people and injured several others. There will be...

[Girmay Tesfakiros Meressa holds an LL.M. in International Operational Law and is a legal practitioner. His research interests include the law on the use of force, international humanitarian law, and international criminal law, with a particular interest in the legal regulation of contemporary armed conflicts] Introduction A recent investigation by Reuters alleges that Ethiopia constructed a secret facility used to train fighters...

[Rafael Braga da Silva is a Brazilian-Portuguese criminal and human rights lawyer with over 10 years of experience, specializing in international human rights and criminal law before tribunals including the Kosovo Specialist Prosecutor's Office and the UN International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals] Introduction Twenty-five years ago, the Portuguese-speaking world was present at the founding of the modern international criminal justice system. Lusophone states...

[Davit Khachatryan is an international law expert and lecturer specializing in public international law, alternative dispute resolution, investment law, international humanitarian law, and security] The prohibition on the use of force is international law’s foundational rule. But not every violation of that rule is the same. When force is used not merely to coerce a state but to dismantle and replace its government, something...

[Paola Gaeta is a Professor of International Law at the Geneva Graduate Institute] For many years, I have worked on international criminal law, but I have only touched upon the interaction between arrest warrants and peace processes in earlier work. I also recall the debates following the arrest warrant against President Al Bashir and the African Union’s requests for a deferral...

[Lisa Davis is a professor of law at CUNY Law School, and the ICC special adviser on Gender and Other Discriminatory Crimes. Kirby Anwar is Visiting Associate Professor of Law at the Human Rights and Gender Justice Clinic, CUNY School of Law. Wendy Isaack is Senior Legal Fellow at MADRE. Huma Saeed is Senior Transitional Justice Fellow at Human Rights and Gender Justice...

[Daniele Perissi is Head of the Democratic Republic of Congo Program at TRIAL International, and holds an LLM in international humanitarian law and human rights law. Morgane Greco is a Legal Advisor for the Democratic Republic of the Congo Program at the TRIAL International, and holds an LLM in international human rights law and international criminal justice. Julie Baleynaud is a Legal...

[Gabor Rona is a Professor of Practice at Cardozo Law School] The Pentagon has conceded responsibility for the bombing in which more than 170 people, mostly children, were killed on the grounds of their Iranian school. Is it a war crime despite that it was not known to the attackers that the building had ceased to be used by the Iranian Revolutionary...

[Natasa Mavronicola is a Professor of Human Rights Law at Birmingham Law School, University of Birmingham; co-editor of Coercive Human Rights: Positive Duties to Mobilise the Criminal Law under the ECHR (Hart 2020); author of Torture, Inhumanity and Degradation under Article 3 of the ECHR: Absolute Rights and Absolute Wrongs (Hart 2021). Mattia Pinto is a lecturer at York Law...

[Pablo Gavira-Díaz is a Spanish lawyer specializing in international humanitarian law and international criminal law. He holds a PhD in public international law from the University of Kiel and currently works as a Project Officer at the International Nuremberg Principles Academy] Introduction The Taliban returned to power in Afghanistan in August 2021 following the withdrawal of U.S. forces and other allies from...

[Andreina Nicoletti is a PhD candidate at the Centre d’études internationales et européennes (CEIE), at the University of Strasbourg. Her research focuses on the institution, the use and the effects of the veto power by the permanent members (P5) of the United Nations Security Council] On the early morning of January 3, 2026, Nicolás Maduro Moros and his wife Cilia Flores...