Author: Thairi Moya Sánchez

[Thairi Moya Sánchez (PhD) is a full-time professor of public international law at Complutense University of Madrid] Over recent months, the Venezuela file has moved into an accelerated escalation: international airlines suspended or curtailed operations amid official safety advisories and mounting regional military risk; Washington announced coercive maritime measures against sanctioned oil shipments; and, on 3 January 2026, U.S. forces conducted...

[Thairi Moya Sánchez (PhD) is a full-time professor of public international law at Complutense University of Madrid. Simón Gómez-Guaimara is an adjunct professor of public international law at Universidad Católica Andrés Bello, Caracas and works as a human rights and international justice consultant.] Since 2007, Nicaragua has descended into a spiral of repression under Daniel Ortega’s rule. Popular discontent culminated in...