14 Nov Charity Goes International
I was struck yesterday by how much of a special NY Times section on giving involved giving across borders. Where the Carnegies of the last gilded age focused their charity at home, this era’s new magnates are decidedly international in their scope. But it’s not just magnates that have shifted their focus – check out this piece on the popularity of overseas volunteer travel, in which tens of thousands of Americans now do international good on their own nickel by way of a vacation.
As Julian pointed out in the spring, government foreign assistance will remain important, and probably more important than private giving for some time to come. (Although this excellent comprehensive report finds private giving to have surpassed official aid, that’s only by counting remittances, which are more by way of intra-family than foreign aid; and see this interesting country-by-country per capita comparison of private and official charity.)
But surely there are some implications to the shift towards proportionally greater private giving. It’s driving an important debate among legal philosophers between moral cosmopolitans and liberal nationalists. What happens if we stop feeling a special duty to our co-nationals relative to the rest of the world?
I’d be interested to know what percentage of private international aid goes to people with similar interests or people with shared racial, ethnic or religious ties. In other words, are those giving private assistance trying to find (a) the absolute neediest individuals or (b) those individuals with similar backgrounds who are neediest? Are more people like Bill Gates who seems to just want to get the most bang for his buck or are they more like missionaries who want to give but to give to those that are are could become like minded?
Lesley, Excellent question, and I think it may highlight the weakness of truly cosmopolitan approaches. Leaving aside disaster situations like the tsunami (in which the rule of the Good Samaritan comes into some sort of play) I imagine charity reflects the sort of non-state community ties you mention. If so, the rise in transnational giving is not a manifestation of cosmopolitanism but rather a matter of reorienting the platform for special duties.